HMAS Sydney II and the Kormoran
The loss of HMAS Sydney, 19 November 1941
The most grievous loss suffered by the Royal Australian Navy occurred on 19 November 1941, when the cruiser HMAS Sydney was lost in action with the German auxiliary cruiser Kormoran off the Western Australian coast. None of the Sydney's complement of 645 men survived. The Kormoran was also sunk in the action.
The circumstances of the Sydney-Kormoran action contain dramatic elements which have continued to attract public attention for over half a century. The ships' careers had been the antithesis of each other. The Sydney was an outstandingly successful warship, the most famous of the RAN's ships in November 1941. Aesthetically elegant, she had created headlines with her exploits in the Mediterranean, especially the brilliant action off Cape Spada.
On the other hand, the Kormoran's mission was to shun the limelight. Converted from a freighter she was well armed with guns, torpedoes and mines, but this armament was carefully disguised so that only the closest scrutiny would reveal that she was not a merchant ship. It was not her role to fight fleet actions but to operate alone against unescorted shipping for months at a time, avoiding publicity and supported by clandestine meetings with supply ships in remote locations.
The two ships met off the Western Australian coast in the afternoon of 19 November 1941. In the ensuing action the Kormoran's disguise was sufficient to entice the Sydney into close range where she was able to overwhelm her with gunfire and torpedoes. However, although mortally hit, the Sydney was able to fight back and ensure the raider's destruction before limping slowly away to her own fate and that of her crew.
With the complete loss of the Australian cruiser's crew the only accounts of the action are from the Kormoran's survivors. Regrettably these circumstances led to the circulation of many rumours, accusations and conspiracy theories, which have no basis in fact and supporting evidence.
On 17 March 2008 the Australian Government announced that the wreckage of both HMAS Sydney and the German raider Kormoran had been found, approximately 112 nautical miles off Steep Point, Western Australia. Kormoran is lying at a depth of 2,560 metres; Sydney, approximately 12 nautical miles away, is at 2,470 metres.
Further Information
- Sydney-Kormoran action
- Account from Royal Australian Navy 1939–1942 by G Hermon Gill
- Joint Standing Committee on Foreign Affairs, Defence and Trade: Completed Inquiry: The loss of HMAS Sydney
- Parliamentary Inquiry reports on the loss of HMAS Sydney
Transcript of an article from Wartime No. 7 (Spring 1999) - The loss of HMAS Sydney II Commission of Inquiry Report
- Captain Joseph Burnett
- Captain Theodor Detmers
- Auxiliary cruiser Kormoran
- Kormoran's victims
A list of ships sunk by the Komoran - HMAS Sydney - 60 years on
Talk presented by Peter Stanley on Monday 19 November 2001 beside the Roll of Honour at the Memorial - HMAS Sydney II - History (Navy website)
- The Carley float
- HMAS Sydney National Archives of Australia fact sheet
- The Sinking of HMAS Sydney
A Guide to Commonwealth Government Records - The discovery of HMAS Sydney
Entry on the Australian War Memorial blog about the discovery of HMAS Sydney.