South Vietnamese Cross of Gallantry with Bronze Star

Place Asia: Vietnam, South Vietnam
Accession Number RELAWM41029.006
Collection type Heraldry
Object type Award
Physical description Bronze
Maker Unknown
Place made Vietnam: South Vietnam
Date made C 1970
Conflict Vietnam, 1962-1975
Description

South Vietnamese Cross of Gallantry with Bronze Star on medal ribbon. The medal is a cross pattee with its four arms linked by two stylised dragons whose heads meet at the top arm. In the angles of the arms are crossed sabres, handles down, and a disc in the centre contains a raised map of Vietnam with a Laurel branch on either side and a ribbon across with the words 'QUOC GIA LAO TUONG' ('Reward of the State'). The reverse is a duplicate of the obverse except for the central disc, which is unmarked and convex in shape. Suspension is by a rectangular motif of two dragons facing each other with a large square loop at the top for the ribbon, and a small lower loop for the medal. The ribbon is red with a broad yellow central stripe divided by eight pairs of closely grouped red pin stripes.

History / Summary

The Gallantry Cross (Vietnamese: Anh Dung B¿i Tinh) is a military decoration of the former Government of South Vietnam (Republic of Vietnam). The medal was created on August 15, 1950 and was awarded to military personnel, civilians, and Armed Forces units and organizations in recognition of deeds of valor or heroic conduct while in combat with the enemy.

Individuals who received the medal and a citation were personally cited at the Armed Forces, Corps, Division, Brigade or Regiment level. The Republic of Vietnam authorized members of units and organizations that were cited, to wear the Gallantry Cross Unit Citation Emblem with Palm and Frame.

The Gallantry Cross was awarded in four degrees, with a basic medal followed by higher degrees which were the equivalent of personal citations on an organizational level (also known as having been "mentioned in dispatches"). The degrees of the Gallantry Cross are as follows:
Gallantry Cross with Palm: cited at the Armed Forces level
Gallantry Cross with Gold Star: cited at the Corps level
Gallantry Cross with Silver Star: cited at the Division level
Gallantry Cross with Bronze Star: cited at the Regiment or Brigade level.

Ribbon devices
The devices to the Gallantry Cross are not worn simultaneously but instead are upgradeable to the next higher device which would replace the previous device for wear on the decoration.

For U.S. Navy personnel, uniform regulations state the recipient should wear only one Gallantry Cross award (medal or ribbon bar) regardless of the number received. For multiple awards, wear as many authorized devices as will fit on one medal suspension ribbon or ribbon bar. Wear the devices for subsequent awards in order of seniority from the wearer's right.

The Gallantry Cross was awarded to members of all military branches, as well as service members of foreign and allied militaries. The similarly named decorations were the Air Gallantry Cross and Navy Gallantry Cross. These decorations were awarded under a different authority, with different criteria, and were considered separate decorations.

The Unit Citation Emblem of the colors of the Gallantry Cross is awarded to military personnel in the Republic of Vietnam Armed Forces and Allied units that have been cited and presented a decoration which is prescribed to be awarded on a collective basis.

Known as the Vietnam Gallantry Cross Unit Citation with Palm (Republic of Vietnam Gallantry Cross with Palm and Frame Unit Citation), the Unit Citation Emblem in the colors of the Gallantry Cross with Palm, was created on January 20, 1968 and was issued with the Gallantry Cross ribbon bar with a bronze palm and gold frame. The former Republic of Vietnam (South Vietnam) Armed Forces awarded the Gallantry Cross to specific military units that distinguished themselves to the same level as would be required for the individual award. Regulations for the issuance of the Vietnam Gallantry Cross permit the wearing of both the individual and unit award simultaneously since both are considered separate awards. The Gallantry Cross was awarded to every Allied nation which provided support to South Vietnam. The Gallantry Cross became the most commonly awarded Vietnamese decoration to foreigners, second only to the Republic of Vietnam Campaign Medal.

The Vietnamese Fourragere in the colors of the Gallantry Cross represented a military unit cited two times. It was a brilliant golden-yellow, with red intermixed. Department of the Army message 111030Z from April 1974, established the policy that only one emblem for a unit award was authorized to be worn at a time. This change resulted in the fourragere being no longer authorized for wear, as it was representative of multiple awards.

One hundred and twenty eight of these gallantry decorations, with the Bronze Star indicating a citation at the Brigade or Regimental level, were awarded to Australian servicemen of all ranks for service in Vietnam. However, permission from the Australian Government for them to be worn was not granted until the late 1990s.