Ranks Held | Captain, Commander |
---|---|
Birth Date | 1902-10-03 |
Birth Place | Australia: Tasmania, Launceston |
Death Date | 1944-10-21 |
Death Place | Philippines: Leyte, Leyte Gulf |
Final Rank | Captain |
Service | Royal Australian Navy |
Units |
|
Places | |
Conflict/Operation | Second World War, 1939-1945 |
Gazettes |
Biographical information The Oxford companion to Australian military history in 1995 Published in London Gazette in 1941-07-01 Published in Commonwealth Gazette in 1947-05-15 |
Captain Emile Frank Verlaine Dechaineux
Emile Dechaineux, born at Launceston in Tasmania on 3 October 1902, reached the pinnacle of his naval career when he was given command of the heavy cruiser HMAS Australia in 1944. Dechaineux's career began when he entered the Royal Australian Naval College at Jervis Bay, Federal Capital Territory, in 1916 at the age of 14. He graduated three years later and was promoted to midshipman in 1920.
Dechaineux travelled to England to undertake sea and shore training with the Royal Navy before returning to Australia in 1924. He served on HMAS Brisbane that year, was promoted to lieutenant, and in 1925 transferred to HMAS Melbourne, before returning to England in 1926. He qualified as a torpedo officer and naval air observer and returned to Australia, serving on several more ships and being promoted to lieutenant commander in September 1932. Three years later he was appointed Squadron Torpedo Officer in HMAS Canberra; he was in that post when he married Mary Harbottle in 1936.
A third journey to England followed in 1937 when Dechaineux attended the Royal Navy Staff College; he was promoted again, to commander, in June. He served in the British Admiralty's Tactical and Minesweeping divisions until April 1940 and made five trips to assist in the evacuation at Dunkirk as the commander of the destroyer HMS Vivacious. Dechaineux was then given command of HMS Eglinton, and operated on North Sea patrols. He was awarded the Distinguished Service Cross in 1941.
Dechaineux returned to Australia that year to become Director of Operations at Navy Office, Melbourne. In June 1943 he was given command of Task Force 74 with tactical control of a destroyer formation that included US naval vessels. In command of HMAS Warramunga, Dechaineux operated in Australian and New Guinean waters, assisting in amphibious landings around New Guinea and in the Admiralty Islands. He was promoted to captain on 31 December 1942.
On 9 March 1944 Dechaineux was given command of the flagship of Task Force 74, HMAS Australia. Under his command, Australia supported Allied landings at Hollandia in Dutch New Guinea and at the islands of Biak, Noemfoor, and Morotai; by October his command had taken him to the Philippines. On the 21st of that month Australia was supporting American landings at Leyte Gulf when she was struck in the foremast by a Japanese dive-bomber. The subsequent explosion and fire engulfed Australia's bridge. Shrapnel disembowelled Dechaineux; he survived just a few hours and was buried at sea that night.
Dechaineux had been a highly regarded naval officer - winning promotions ahead of his contemporaries - and was expected to attain a senior command post. Subordinates considered him a decent man and fair captain quick to praise effort and initiative but not hesitant about punishing transgressions. The United States government posthumously appointed Dechaineux an Officer of the Legion of Merit and in 1990 the Australian government honoured him when it named a new Collins-class submarine the HMAS Dechaineux.
Rolls
-
Honours and Awards (Recommendation):
- Conflict
- Second World War, 1939-1945
-
Roll of Honour:
- Unit
- HMAS Australia
- Conflict
- Second World War, 1939-1945
- Rank
- Captain
-
Honours and Awards:
- Unit
- Royal Australian Navy
- Conflict
- Second World War, 1939-1945
- Rank
- Captain
- Commonwealth Gazette
- 15 May 1947 on page 1325 at position 4
-
Honours and Awards:
- Unit
- HMS Eglinton
- Conflict
- Second World War, 1939-1945
- Rank
- Commander
- London Gazette
- 01 July 1941 on page 3745 at position 1
-
Honours and Awards (Recommendation):
- Conflict
- Second World War, 1939-1945
Timeline
Date of birth | 03 October 1902 | Lanceston, TAS. |
---|---|---|
Date and unit at enlistment (ORs) | 31 December 1915 | Enlisted in the RAN. |
Other | 1916 | Entered the Royal Australian Naval College at Jervis Bay. |
Other | 1919 | Graduated from the Royal Australian Naval College. |
Date promoted | 1920 | Appointed midshipman. |
Date returned to Australia | 1924 | Served on the HMAS Brisbane. |
Date promoted | 1925 | Appointed lieutenant. |
Other units | 1925 | Transferred to HMAS Melbourne. |
Other | 1926 | Returned to England where he trained as a torpedo officer and naval air observor. |
Date promoted | 1932 | Appointed lieutenant commander. |
Other | 1935 | Appointed squadron torpedo officer in HMAS Canberra. |
Other | 1937 | Attended the Royal Navy Staff College in England. |
Date promoted | 1937-06 | Appointed commander. |
Other units | 1940-04 | Given command of HMS Eglinton. |
Date returned to Australia | 1941 | Returned to become director of operations at Navy Office, Melbourne. |
Date of honour or award | 01 July 1941 | Awarded Distinguished Service Cross (DSC), for destorying German E boats after Dunkirk. |
Other units | 23 November 1942 | Given command of HMAS Warramunga. |
Date promoted | 31 December 1942 | Appointed captain. |
Other | 1943-06 | Given command of Task Group 74.2 with tactical control of a destroyer formation that included United States Naval vessels. |
Other | 05 March 1944 | Given comand of HMAS Australia. |
Other | 1944-10 | Served in the Phillipines. |
Date of death | 21 October 1944 | Died as of wounds incurred in an attack by a Japanese dive bomber during the Battle of Leyte Gulf, Phillipines. Dechaineux was burried at sea. |
Date of honour or award | 15 May 1947 | Posthumously awarded the American Legion of Merit in the Degree of Officer. |
Other | 1990 | Collins Class submarine was named HMAS Dechaineux. |
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